Cervical cancer is the development of a malignant tumor of the cervical lining. This cancer is considered to be an infectious disease of slow-moving infectious origin. In the majority of cases, cancer of the cervix occurs after prolonged exposure to human papillomavirus (HPV).
Indeed, the long-term presence of the virus in the mucosa has a deleterious effect on healthy cells that can turn into cancer cells. It is the proliferation of these few cancer cells at the beginning which leads to the appearance of a mass more or less organized called tumor.
As tumors appear in the mucosa, they are also known as squamous cell carcinomas and account for nearly 85% of cervical cancer cases.
In 2015, nearly 2,797 new women were affected by cervical cancer. This low number of new annual cases ranks it 12th among the most common cancers in women. This cancer is, on average, diagnosed at 51 years old and it was responsible for 1092 deaths in 2015, in France. It is a cancer with a good prognosis because its 5-year survival is 67%, that is, 67% of cervical cancer patients are alive 5 years later. the diagnosis. Improved screening with cervical uterine Pap smear (FCU) has reduced the number of new cases and the number of deaths from cervical cancer by almost half. the uterus. It is estimated that with optimal screening, the number of cervical cancer could be reduced by up to 90%.
Having one or more risk factors does not necessarily lead to cancer. They increase the likelihood of developing this cancer compared to an unexposed person. However, cancer can develop without any risk factor being present.
Human papillomavirus (HPV)
It is the main inducer of cancer of the cervix. Indeed, a prolonged infection lasting 10 to 15 years by the human papillomavirus would be responsible for nearly 70% of tumors of the cervix.
HPV is spread by contact with skin and mucous membranes, most often during sexual intercourse. Infection with this virus is very common and mostly cures spontaneously. However, in 10% of cases, there is persistence of the virus in the lining of the cervix that can lead to precancerous lesions that may develop into cancer.
Indeed, the long-term presence of the virus in the mucosa has a deleterious effect on healthy cells that can turn into cancer cells. It is the proliferation of these few cancer cells at the beginning which leads to the appearance of a mass more or less organized called tumor.
As tumors appear in the mucosa, they are also known as squamous cell carcinomas and account for nearly 85% of cervical cancer cases.
In 2015, nearly 2,797 new women were affected by cervical cancer. This low number of new annual cases ranks it 12th among the most common cancers in women. This cancer is, on average, diagnosed at 51 years old and it was responsible for 1092 deaths in 2015, in France. It is a cancer with a good prognosis because its 5-year survival is 67%, that is, 67% of cervical cancer patients are alive 5 years later. the diagnosis. Improved screening with cervical uterine Pap smear (FCU) has reduced the number of new cases and the number of deaths from cervical cancer by almost half. the uterus. It is estimated that with optimal screening, the number of cervical cancer could be reduced by up to 90%.
Having one or more risk factors does not necessarily lead to cancer. They increase the likelihood of developing this cancer compared to an unexposed person. However, cancer can develop without any risk factor being present.
Human papillomavirus (HPV)
It is the main inducer of cancer of the cervix. Indeed, a prolonged infection lasting 10 to 15 years by the human papillomavirus would be responsible for nearly 70% of tumors of the cervix.
HPV is spread by contact with skin and mucous membranes, most often during sexual intercourse. Infection with this virus is very common and mostly cures spontaneously. However, in 10% of cases, there is persistence of the virus in the lining of the cervix that can lead to precancerous lesions that may develop into cancer.
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